MGH/McLean Residency Training Program in Psychiatry

Massachusetts General Hospital and McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School

Edition Massachusetts General Hospital, 1999

PART 3 / CH 17

Urine Toxicology (MGH)

Drug Class or DrugDuration of Positive ResultComments
Amphetamines1-3 days post use-false (+) possible: chlorpromazine, buproprion, propranalol, chloroquine, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, phenylpropanolamine (Dexatrim), selegiline, tranylcypromine, tyramine
Barbiturates2-20d: depends on drug-short acting agents detectable ~24hrs -long acting up to 3 wks
Benzodiazepines1-14 days
Cannabanoids2-7 days if use 4x/week, up to 10 days with daily use(May be positive up to 1 month in case of chronic use)
Opiates/ Metabolites

(codeine, morphine)

may detect high concentrations of meperidine, oxycodone, oxymorphone

2-3 days after use-may yield more true positives than serum tox

-not specific to heroin or illicit opiods

-naloxone, propoxyphene, nalbuphine, methadone fentanyl, propofol do not cross-react

-false (+) with poppyseeds

Cocaine MetabolitePeak 4 hrs post exposure, (+) 2-4 days post use(May be positive for 7-22 days after use in chronic high-dose abusers)
Phencyclidine10-20 days post usemore true (+) vs serum tox, but false (+) may occur with dextromethorphan

Serum Toxicology (MGH)

Drugs IncludedTherapeutic RangeToxic Range
Tox Panel 1ethanol

isopropanol

methanol

not defined

not defined

not defined

>1000

>400

>200

Tox Panel 2acetominophen

salicylate

theophylline

10-25

100-200

10-20

>120

>300

>25

Tox Panel 3butalbital

carbamazepine

ibuprofen

pentobarbital

phenobarbital

phenytoin

secobarbital

5-10

4-12

20-70

not defined

15-20

10-20

not defined

>20

>15

>100

>15

>60

>25

>10

Tox Panel 4alprazolam

chlordiazepoxide

clonazepam

demoxepam

diazepam

desalkyflurazepam

flurazepam

glutethimide

lidocaine

lorazepam

methaqualone

norchlordiazepoxide

nordiazepam

oxazepam

quinidine

temazepam

trazodone

4-OH-glutethimide

19-55

1000-3000

10-70

not defined

100-1000

20-110

10-100

2000-6000

1500-5000

50-240

not defined

1000-3000

100-800

200-1400

1200-4000

190-540

800-1600

not defined

not defined

>5000

>80

not defined

>5000

>500

>200

>7000

>6000

not defined

>10000

>5000

>5000

>5000

>5000

not defined

not defined

>15000

Tox Panel 5

amitriptyline

chlorpheniramine

chlorpromazine

clomipramine

clozapine

cocaethylene

cocaine

cyclobenzaprine

D-pseudoephedrine

desipramine

desmethylsertraline

dextromethorphan

diphenhydramine

disopyramide

doxepin

doxylamine

fluoxetine

fluvoxamine

imipramine

maprotilene

MCPP

meperidine

mesoridazine

methadone

metoprolol

norclomipramine

nordoxepin

norfluoxetine

normaprotilene

normeperidine

norpropoxyphene

nortriptyline

norverapamil

oxycodone

paroxetine

pentazocine

promazine

propoxyphene

propranolol

pyrilamine

sertraline

thioridazine

trifluoperazine

trimipramine

venlafaxine

verapamil

120-250

5-20

50-500

150-450

150-500

not defined

not defined

20-30

36-80

150-300

not defined

not defined

not defined

2000-5000

150-250

not defined

50-450

12-240

150-250

180-450

not defined

70-500

150-1000

50-800

20-340

not defined

150-250

50-450

not defined

not defined

100-1500

50-150

not defined

10-40

20-190

50-200

100-500

100-400

50-100

not defined

40-160

250-1250

not defined

50-200

not defined

100-400

>500

not defined

>1000

not defined

not defined

not defined

not defined

not defined

>2000

>500

not defined

not defined

>200

>8000

>500

not defined

not defined

not defined

>500

>800

not defined

>1000

not defined

>2000

not defined

not defined

>500

not defined

>800

not defined

>2000

>500

not defined

not defined

not defined

>1000

>1000

>500

not defined

not defined

not defined

>1000

not defined

not defined

not defined

>400